from a printed book, reproduction

written on the parchment was scratched out

books in ancient times was papyrus

(palimpsests). In the XIII-XV centuries in

secular brotherhoods of scribes.

the best poets of his era and

One of the most skilled calligraphers

Since the era of Charlemagne

for Countess Louise of Savoy

term manuscript (late lat.manuscriptum,

"Julia's Garland" (fr. Guirlande de Julie)

so expensive material

works of art.

then only a few have reached us

elements (case, binding).

for Countess Louise of Savoy

Western Europe also formed

Manuscript is a collective name for texts

text carrier and protective

which is carried out by the printing

A handwritten book is a book

... As a rule, the manuscript is called

inventions of typography

A handwritten book is a book